目的 明晰牡丹种间远缘杂交不亲和的细胞学及生理机制，为牡丹远缘杂交提供理论及试验基础。 方法 以牡丹‘凤丹’为母本，保康牡丹为父本，进行远缘杂交授粉亲和性研究，探讨授粉后雌蕊保护酶活性、可溶性物质含量及内源激素含量变化与花粉萌发、花粉管生长之间的联系。 结果 保康牡丹与‘凤丹’远缘杂交亲和性差的细胞学原因是花粉萌发慢，花粉管多有胼胝质沉积、扭曲缠绕严重，生长多无序并伴有分枝现象，只部分能穿过花柱到达子房。生理机制研究结果表明：授粉后，SOD活性快速升高有利于花粉柱头识别及花粉管生长；MDA含量快速增加不利于远缘杂交授粉花粉管的伸长生长；远缘杂交雌蕊较自交雌蕊可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖含量高，表现为柱头识别作用及雌蕊排异作用加强；自交雌蕊IAA含量显著高于杂交，高水平IAA、GA₃、IPA有助于花粉萌发及花粉管生长；远缘杂交雌蕊ABA含量显著高于自交雌蕊，高水平ABA、JA对花粉管生长显示抑制作用，诱发胼胝质沉积，花粉管扭曲缠绕生长无序。 结论 ‘凤丹’与保康牡丹远缘杂交存在受精前障碍，其与雌蕊内部酶活性变化、内源激素含量的动态变化及可溶性物质含量密切相关。

将NaCl和Na2SO4两种盐按4∶1配制,并作为复盐,基质中复盐含量分别为0、2.5、5、10g·kg-1。研究了7种野生宿根花卉植物的耐盐性。结果表明:7种植物均不能在含盐量为10g·kg-1的土壤基质中出苗,但在含盐量为2 5g·kg-1基质中均能出苗、生长。在盐含量为2.5g·kg-1基质中出苗率最高的是紫花地丁,比对照高出46.35%;在盐含量为5g·kg-1基质中只有马蔺、蒲公英、多变小冠花等3种植物出苗,且出苗时间明显推迟,出苗率明显降低。7种野生宿根花卉植物在盐胁迫下脯氨酸含量成倍增加,但对可溶性糖含量影响不大。5g·kg-1盐处理,使出苗的3种植物丙二醛含量明显增加,说明对3种植物造成严重伤害。

Pink Peace’rose was used to study the optimum conditions for transferring the SeNHX1 gene into the callus. The results showed that the optimal medium was MS+2,4-D 5.0 mg·L-1 + TDZ 0.5 mg·L-1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was able to take the target gene into callus and the blue spots were found. The optimum conditions for the transient expression of gusA gene are as following: bacterium density of OD was 0.5, infection time was 20 min, culture time was 3 days. Adding 100 μmol·L-1 AS, the frequency of transient expression of GUS gene was the highest, which reached about 85% in present study.

The tissue-cultured seedlings of tree peony ‘Wulong Pengsheng’ were used to study the effects of different plant growth regulators, culture methods, and holdfast on rooting. The morphological structure change during rooting was also observed using the method of paraffin section. The result showed that the best combination of plant growth regulators for rooting was IBA 3.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.6 mg·L-1. The treatment under the temperature of 4℃ for ten days was benefit to rooting, and the rate could reach 75.67%. It was identified that the adventitious root primordia of shoot in vitro originated from the vascular cambium cells, especially, the cross areas of cambium and pith ray and they started to differentiate at the 5th day and lasted to the 12th day. If the shoots were cultured in the root inducing medium for 12 days, it would lead to not only descend of rooting rate, but also showing callus of stem base, and leaf senescent. However, if they were transferred into the medium without hormone in time, the root primordial protruded the epidermis and developed normally after 5 days’ culture.